What to do with spectroscopes?
![Picture](/uploads/4/8/1/2/4812666/8820777.jpg?250)
Using spectroscopy, astronomers can discern the elements in distant objects.
Each natural element has a characteristic light spectrum that helps identify it in samples of unknown substances.
Spectroscopy is the practice of examining spectra and comparing them to those of known elements.
Using spectroscopy methods, scientists can identify pure substances or compounds and the elements in them. Because it is based on light, spectroscopy works equally well whether the sample is on your desktop or many light-years distant.
resource: http://education.seattlepi.com/spectroscopy-identify-elements-3503.html
Each natural element has a characteristic light spectrum that helps identify it in samples of unknown substances.
Spectroscopy is the practice of examining spectra and comparing them to those of known elements.
Using spectroscopy methods, scientists can identify pure substances or compounds and the elements in them. Because it is based on light, spectroscopy works equally well whether the sample is on your desktop or many light-years distant.
resource: http://education.seattlepi.com/spectroscopy-identify-elements-3503.html
A spectroscope helps us find out what stars are made of. It disperses, or separates, white light from a star into a very wide spectrum of colors — much wider than a normal prism does. When spread very wide, black lines appear in the spectrum.
The first scientists to observe these lines wondered why they were there and what they meant. It turns out that particular elements in the star created particular patterns of lines. Once scientists knew the element responsible for a certain pattern, they knew which elements were present in the star. This was a revolutionary discovery.
resource: http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/resources/explorations/groundup/lesson/basics/g23/
The first scientists to observe these lines wondered why they were there and what they meant. It turns out that particular elements in the star created particular patterns of lines. Once scientists knew the element responsible for a certain pattern, they knew which elements were present in the star. This was a revolutionary discovery.
resource: http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/resources/explorations/groundup/lesson/basics/g23/
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DIFFRACTION GRATING is a plate of glass or metal ruled with very close parallel lines, producing a spectrum by diffraction and interference of light.
The below compact disc was prepared with a special technique (see the link below) to be used as a diffraction grating. Then the continuous visible light spectrum will appear on its parallel lines.
http://www.arborsci.com/cool/spectrum-analysis-breaking-it-all-down
The below compact disc was prepared with a special technique (see the link below) to be used as a diffraction grating. Then the continuous visible light spectrum will appear on its parallel lines.
http://www.arborsci.com/cool/spectrum-analysis-breaking-it-all-down
the Atomic Spectra:The Visible Light Fingerprints of All the Known Elements
The visible light fingerprints (“atomic spectra”) of all the known chemical elements. Each atom emits and absorbs these unique sets of colors, making it possible to identify them. resource: https://writescience.wordpress.com/tag/smartphone/
![Picture](/uploads/4/8/1/2/4812666/8120646.jpg?344)
UNDERSTANDING SPECTROMETERS
vocabulary
ACE: Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment(ACE)
Stratosphere:the upper atmosphere where most atmospheric ozone is concentrated, from about 8 to 30 mi. (12 to 48 km) above the earth.
stratospheric ozone: the region of the stratosphere with the highest concentration of ozone molecules, which by absorbing high-energy solar ultraviolet radiation protects organisms on earth. Also called: ozonosphere
..............................................
One of the ACE mission's primary objectives is to study and monitor stratospheric ozone
Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment(ACE)'s mission is a Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS). The task of the ACE-FTS is to observe the infrared spectrum of the sun before and after sunlight has passed through the Earth's atmosphere.
Analysis of the spectra will give the ACE scientific team information about various processes involved in the chemical dynamics of the Earth's upper atmosphere. Because the heart of this experiment uses a Michelson1 Interferometer it is extremely good at detecting the motion of gases (winds) in the upper atmosphere, as well monitoring the chemical dynamics of the atmosphere.
The great advantage of the interferometer its ability to provide very high resolution spectra.
The Michelson Interferometer replaces the traditional diffraction grating used in a conventional spectrometer. ( A.A. Michelson (1852-1931) Nobel prize in Physics in 1907 for his work in optics.)
vocabulary
ACE: Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment(ACE)
Stratosphere:the upper atmosphere where most atmospheric ozone is concentrated, from about 8 to 30 mi. (12 to 48 km) above the earth.
stratospheric ozone: the region of the stratosphere with the highest concentration of ozone molecules, which by absorbing high-energy solar ultraviolet radiation protects organisms on earth. Also called: ozonosphere
..............................................
One of the ACE mission's primary objectives is to study and monitor stratospheric ozone
Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment(ACE)'s mission is a Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS). The task of the ACE-FTS is to observe the infrared spectrum of the sun before and after sunlight has passed through the Earth's atmosphere.
Analysis of the spectra will give the ACE scientific team information about various processes involved in the chemical dynamics of the Earth's upper atmosphere. Because the heart of this experiment uses a Michelson1 Interferometer it is extremely good at detecting the motion of gases (winds) in the upper atmosphere, as well monitoring the chemical dynamics of the atmosphere.
The great advantage of the interferometer its ability to provide very high resolution spectra.
The Michelson Interferometer replaces the traditional diffraction grating used in a conventional spectrometer. ( A.A. Michelson (1852-1931) Nobel prize in Physics in 1907 for his work in optics.)
Interferometer Basics
An interferometer takes advantage of the fact that light exhibits wave properties.
![Picture](/uploads/4/8/1/2/4812666/3354622.jpg?250)
When two light waves of the same wavelength (color) combine exactly in phase (in step) their amplitudes add to produce a large (brighter) wave of maximum intensity. This is known as constructive interference.
![Picture](/uploads/4/8/1/2/4812666/8102155_orig.jpg)
If the light waves combine out of phase (out of step) their combined amplitudes are less, and may even totally cancel each other! This is known as destructive interference.